MMSL 2022, 91(2):119-127 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2021.033

METHODS OF IMMOBILIZATION OF MICROBIAL ENZYMES ON SOLID SURFACES AND THEIR USEReview article

Tomáš Válek ORCID..., Miroslav Pohanka ORCID...*
Katedra molekulární patologie a biologie, Fakulta vojenského zdravotnictví Univerzity obrany, Hradec Králové, Česká republika

Mikrobiální enzymy jsou používány v širokém spektru průmyslové výroby, ve farmacii, v medicíně, nebo jako součást detekčních metod či biosenzorů, díky nízkým nákladům na produkci za krátkou časovou jednotku. Imobilizace enzymů na pevné povrchy se ukázala jako metoda zlepšující potřebné nároky, jako jsou vyšší efektivita enzymatické reakce v čase, lepší pH a tepelná stabilita, možnost opakovaného použití, snadná separace enzymu a dlouhodobá stabilita. V průmyslu se imobilizace využívá v mnoha procesech výroby potravin, v detergentech a při jejich přípravě, v textilním průmyslu nebo při produkci bio paliv. Ve farmacii jsou imobilizované enzymy součástí výroby léčiv, či jako složka léčiv samotných, v medicíně se imobilizace enzymů využívá k léčbě a diagnostice chorob. Imobilizované enzymy se ukázaly jako vhodná součást detekčních metod, jsou součástí biosenzorů pro stanovení specifických markerů otrav a nemocí nebo se využívají jako detekční zařízení pro stanovení znečistění vod, půd či jako ekologická varianta nahrazující toxické chemikálie. Imobilizace enzymů na pevné povrchy se prosazuje v mnoha oborech a do budoucna v sobě skýtá velký potenciál.

Keywords: enzym; imobilizace; membrána; částice; mikroorganismus

Microbial enzymes are used in a wide range of industrial production, in pharmacy, medicine or as part of detection methods or biosensors, due to low-cost production in short time. Immobilization of enzymes on solid surfaces has been shown to improve essential requirements, such as higher efficiency of the enzymatic reaction per unit time, better pH and thermo stability, repeated use, easy separation of enzyme and long-term stability. In industry, immobilization is used in food production processes, in detergents and their preparation, in the textile industry or in the production of biofuels. In pharmacy, immobilized enzymes are a part of the production of drugs, or as a part of drugs themselves, in medicine, immobilized enzymes are used to treat or diagnosis of diseases. Immobilized enzymes are a suitable part of detection methods, segment of biosensors for the determination of specific markers of poisoning and diseases, also are used for the determination of water and soil pollution or as an ecological variant replacing toxic chemicals. Immobilization of enzymes on solid surfaces is used in many areas and offers great potential for the future.

Keywords: enzyme; immobilization; membrane; particle; microorganism

Received: September 21, 2021; Revised: October 6, 2021; Accepted: October 11, 2021; Prepublished online: November 11, 2021; Published: June 3, 2022  Show citation

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Válek, T., & Pohanka, M. (2022). METHODS OF IMMOBILIZATION OF MICROBIAL ENZYMES ON SOLID SURFACES AND THEIR USE. MMSL, 91(2), 119-127. doi: 10.31482/mmsl.2021.033
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